Modeling and Performance Analysis of Combined Cycles with Trans-Critical and Kalina Bottoming at High TIT Levels
Keywords:
Turbine inlet temperature (TIT), first law efficiency, ambient temperature, gas turbine cycle, Simple Ammonia Absorption Cycle (SAAC).Abstract
The current work examines the effect of turbine inlet temperature (TIT) on the first law efficiency of different combined power cycle configurations at a constant ambient temperature of 20C. Analysis is done for three TIT levels of 1600K, 1800K, and 2000K and assesses performance for a variety of cycle pressure ratios (CPR) of 20, 30, and 40. Each system configuration consists of a topping gas turbine cycle combined with bottoming cycles based on trans-critical CO2 and ammonia water mixtures. Thermodynamic modeling is used to calculate network output and energy input, from which first law efficiencies are derived.The results show that the rise in TIT considerably improves first law efficiency and net power output because of the improved temperature differential between the heat supply and the ambient sink. Yet at 2000K, the efficiency improvement rate slows, indicating the impact of thermodynamic limitations and rising irreversibility’s at high temperatures. Among the configurations that were evaluated, the Simple Ammonia Absorption Cycle (SAAC) always produced the highest efficiency at all levels of TIT, but the trans-critical CO cycle had relatively poorer performance with higher internal losses. The research highlights that the choice of an optimal TIT is key to balancing thermal efficiency, material constraints, and operational reliability in designing advanced combined cycle power plants.
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